John Chapter 20
This chapter starts early Sunday morning, after Yeshua(Jesus) was crucified on the previous Friday afternoon.
John 20:1-2 Now on the first day of the week, Miriam{often translated, "Mary" or "Maria"} Magdalene[from whom Yeshua had cast out seven demons(Mk16:9)] went early, while it was still dark, to the tomb, and saw that the stone had been taken away from the tomb. 2 Therefore she ran and came to Simon Peter and to the other[Greek: állos] disciple whom Yeshua loved, and said to them, “They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we don’t know where they have laid him!”
- Who is "the other disciple whom Yeshua loved"? It is John, the author, speaking of himself in 3rd-person language. How so? It is clearly reveled in the book of John, as shown near the end of my study of the Greek word "állos" => http://sidnash.org/BibleWords/allos.html
John 20:3-10 Therefore Peter and the other[állos] disciple went out, and they went toward the tomb. 4 They both ran together. The other[állos] disciple outran Peter and came to the tomb first. 5 Stooping and looking in, he saw the linen cloths lying there; yet he didn’t enter in. 6 Then Simon Peter came, following him, and entered into the tomb. He saw the linen cloths lying, 7 and the cloth that had been on his head, not lying with the linen cloths, but rolled up in a place by itself. 8 So then the other[állos] disciple who came first to the tomb also entered in, and he[John] saw and believed. 9 For as yet they didn’t know the Scripture, that he must rise from the dead[Ps16:10]. 10 So the disciples went away again to their own homes.
- Psalm 16:8-10 I have set Yahweh(Jehovah) always before me. Because he is at my right hand, I shall not be moved. 9 Therefore my heart is glad, and my tongue rejoices. My body shall also dwell in safety. 10 For you will not leave my soul in Sheol{Hebrew: hades/grave}, neither will you allow your holy one to see corruption.
- How is is that Yeshua's body did not "see corruption"? See => http://sidnash.org/BibleWords/diaphthora.html
- It seems odd that His disciples did not know that Yeshua would die, but "rise the third day", even though Jesus told them these things several times:
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Matthew 17:23 And they shall kill him, and the third day he shall be raised again. And they were exceeding sorry.
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Matthew 20:19 And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him: and the third day he shall rise again.
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Mark 9:31 For he taught his disciples, and said unto them, The Son of man is delivered into the hands of men, and they shall kill him; and after that he is killed, he shall rise the third day.
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Mark 10:34 And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him: and the third day he shall rise again.
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Luke 9:22 Saying, The Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be slain, and be raised the third day.
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Luke 18:33 And they shall scourge him, and put him to death: and the third day he shall rise again.
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Luke 24:7 Saying, The Son of man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and the third day rise again. ... 46 And said unto them, Thus it is written, and thus it behoved Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third day:
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John 20:11-16 But Miriam was standing outside at the tomb weeping. So as she wept, she stooped and looked into the tomb, 12 and she saw two angels in white sitting, one at the head and one at the feet, where the body of Yeshua had lain. 13 They asked her, “Woman, why are you weeping?” She said to them, “Because they have taken away my Lord, and I don’t know where they have laid him.” 14 When she had said this, she turned around and saw Yeshua standing, and didn’t know that it was Yeshua. 15 Yeshua said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” She, supposing him to be the gardener, said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have laid him, and I will take him away.”16 Yeshua said to her, “Miriam.” She turned and said to him, “Rabboni!”{Rabboni is a transliteration of the Hebrew word for “great teacher.”} which is to say, “Rabbi!”{or, Master}
John 20:17 Yeshua said to her, “Don’t hold me{or, Touch me not}, for I haven’t yet ascended to my Father; but go to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’ ”
- How is it that Yeshua has a God("my Father"... "my God")?
- Hebrews 1:1-9 God, having in the past spoken to the fathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, 2 has at the end of these days spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom also he made the worlds. 3 His Son is the radiance of his glory, the very image of his substance, and upholding all things by the word of his power, who, when he had by himself purified us of our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high... 5 For to which of the angels did he[Jehovah(Ps2:7)] say at any time,
“You are my Son.
Today I have become your father?”
and again,
“I will be to him a Father,
and he will be to me a Son?”
6 When he again brings in the firstborn into the world he says, “Let all the angels of God worship him.”[Deut32:43] ... of the Son he{Father God} says,
“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.
The scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your Kingdom.
9 You have loved righteousness and hated iniquity;
therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness above your fellows.”[Ps45:6] - Notice in verse 8, Jehovah(Yahweh) refers to His Son as "God", then in verse 9, He refers to Himself as His Son's God, when He says, "your God".
- Hebrews 1:1-9 God, having in the past spoken to the fathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, 2 has at the end of these days spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom also he made the worlds. 3 His Son is the radiance of his glory, the very image of his substance, and upholding all things by the word of his power, who, when he had by himself purified us of our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high... 5 For to which of the angels did he[Jehovah(Ps2:7)] say at any time,
John 20:18 Miriam Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had said these things to her.
- More detail from Mark 16:9-14 Now when he had risen early on the first day of the week, he{Yeshua} appeared first to Miriam Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons. 10 She went and told those who had been with him, as they mourned and wept. 11 When they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they disbelieved. 12 After these things he was revealed in another form to two of them as they walked, on their way into the country. 13 They went away and told it to the rest. They didn’t believe them, either. 14 Afterward he was revealed to the Eleven themselves as they sat at the table; and he rebuked them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they didn’t believe those who had seen him after he had risen.
John 20:19 When therefore it was evening on that day, the first day of the week, and when the doors were locked where the disciples were assembled, for fear of the Judeans, Yeshua came and stood in the middle and said to them, “Peace be to you.” 20 When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples therefore were glad when they saw the Lord. 21 Yeshua therefore said to them again, “Peace be to you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you.” 22 When he had said this, he breathed on them, and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit!
- "For he whom God has sent speaks the words of God; for God gives the Spirit without measure. The Father loves the Son, and has given all things into his hand. One who believes in the Son has eternal life, but one who disobeys{or, "disbelieves"} the Son won’t see life, but the wrath of God remains on him." (John the Baptist, John3:34-36)
- Just as Father God sent Yeshua with His words/spirit, So Yeshua sent His disciples with His words/spirit in Jn20:22.
John 20:23 If you forgive anyone’s sins, they have been forgiven them. If you retain anyone’s sins, they have been retained.”
- Matthew 16:19 I will give to you the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven; and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven.
John 20:24-25 But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus,{or, Twin} wasn’t with them when Yeshua came. 25 The other disciples therefore said to him, “We have seen the Lord!”
But he said to them, “Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, put my finger into the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.”
- Because of this, he has come to be known as "Thomas the Doubter". However, as we saw in Mark 16:9-14, the others also did not believe the (at least)three "eye witnesses" who saw Yeshua earlier. We also saw that Yeshua rebuked the other disciples at that time, just as He did Thomas, in the following verses.
John 20:26-27 After eight days, again his disciples were inside and Thomas was with them. Yeshua came, the doors being locked, and stood in the middle, and said, “Peace be to you.” 27 Then he said to Thomas, “Reach here your finger, and see my hands. Reach here your hand, and put it into my side. Don’t be unbelieving, but believing.”
John 20:28-29 Thomas answered him, “My Lord and my God!” 29 Yeshua said to him, “Because you have seen me{TR adds "Thomas"}, you have believed. Blessed are those who have not seen and have believed.”
- Hebrews 11:1 Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.
- 1 Peter 1:6-9 In this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while, if need be, you have been grieved in various trials, 7 that the proof of your faith, which is more precious than gold that perishes, even though it is tested by fire, may be found to result in praise, glory, and honor at the revelation of Yeshua the Messiah— 8 whom, not having known, you love. In him, though now you don’t see him, yet believing, you rejoice greatly with joy that is unspeakable and full of glory, 9 receiving the result of your faith, the salvation of your souls.
John 20:30 Therefore Yeshua did many other signs in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book; 31 but these are written that you may believe that Yeshua is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name.
- Acts 10:38-43 ... God anointed Yeshua of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power, who went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him... God raised him up the third day and gave him to be revealed, not to all the people, but to witnesses who were chosen before by God, to us, who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead. He commanded us to proclaim to the people and to testify that this is he who is appointed by God as the Judge of the living and the dead. All the prophets testify about him, that through his name everyone who believes in him will receive remission of sins.
- 1 John 5:10-13 He who believes in the Son of God has the testimony in himself. He who doesn’t believe God has made him a liar, because he has not believed in the testimony that God has given concerning his Son. The testimony is this: that God gave to us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. He who has the Son has the life. He who doesn’t have God’s Son doesn’t have the life. These things I have written to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, that you may know that you have eternal life, and that you may continue to believe in the name of the Son of God.
- Notice that if you believe in the literal Son of God, you have "the testimony in" yourself! You are "whom God was pleased to make known what are the riches of the glory of this mystery... which is Messiah in you, the hope of glory." (Col1:27)
Desiring to live by every word that comes from the mouth of Jehovah (Deut8:3; Matt4:4)
-Sid Nash: 12/16/2023. Latest version: http://sidnash.org/docs/John20.html